Effective Measures Increase Recidivism Incarceration Essay

Effective Measures to Decrease Recidivism for Incarcerated Female Inmates Tonia P. Tippins University of Alaska Anchorage Introduction Evidence-based interventions have proven to be an effective measure to decrease recidivism for incarcerated female inmates’ despite over the past years the incarceration rate had drastically increased. In-prison treatment programs are tailored to reduce risk of recidivism when released and to reduce disruptive behavior within (Bonta, Pang, Wallace-Capretta, 1995). The risk-reduction model focus on recidivism; it identifies risk factors that causes the behavior and empirically shown to predict reoccurrences; whereas, the enhancement model focus on the psychological and physical well-being of the inmate; â€Å"it identifies improvement matters such as coping with physical or sexual abuse, parenting, and HIV risk (Schram Morash, 2002), with the assumption that improved psychosocial well-being will ultimately reduce women’s likelihood of criminal behavior† (Sorbello, Eccleston, Ward, Jones, 2002, p. 15). Risk-reduction model. According to (Chesney-Lind, 1998; Covington, 1998) substance abuse is more prevalent in female offenders (p.16). Studies show that female offenders history of substance abuse plays a critical role in the initiation and continuation of female criminal behavior (Peugh Belenko, 1999). Often times female offenders have admitted to using drugs of some sort at the time of incarceration or committed crimes inShow MoreRelatedSelf Efficacy And Self Control Essay1700 Words   |  7 PagesRosenberg Self-Esteem Scale found 8.74% increase in self-confidence for music groups, but not with art groups. None Strengths: included music and art experiment groups, included control group, multiple measures and assessments Limitations: Small sample size, discrepancies in testing measures, interventions not completed within 8 week time allocation, not randomized, inadequate testing environment Cohen (2009) The Friedman Well-Being Scale showed an increase in self-confidence for experiment 2 groupRead MoreUnintended Consequences Of The State Prison System1010 Words   |  5 Pagescounty will only cut spending in state prisons,† and may fail to lower the overall costs of corrections in California (Owen Mobley, 2012, p. 47). 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Nike Cost Of Capital - 1791 Words

Graduate School of Business Administration University Version 2.0 of Virginia UVA-F-1353 Version 2.0 Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital On July 5, 2001, Kimi Ford, a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group, a mutual fund management firm, pored over analyst write-ups of Nike, Inc., the athletic shoe manufacturer. Nike’s share price had declined significantly from the start of the year. Kimi was considering buying some shares for the fund she managed, the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund, which invested mostly in Fortune 500 companies with an emphasis on value investing. Its top holdings included ExxonMobil, General Motors, McDonald’s, 3M and other large-cap, generally old-economy stocks. While the stock market declined over the last 18 months, NorthPoint†¦show more content†¦Since she was about to go into a meeting, she requested her new assistant, Joanna Cohen, to estimate Nike’s cost of capital. Joanna immediately gathered all the data she thought she might need (Exhibits 1 through 4) and set out to work on her analysis. At the end of the day, she submitted her cost of capital estimate and a memo (Exhibit 5) explaining her assumptions to Ms. Ford. -3- UVA-F-1353 Exhibit 1 Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital Consolidated Income Statements Year Ended May 31 (In millions except per share data) 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Revenues Cost of goods sold Gross profit Selling and administrative Operating income Interest expense Other expense, net Restructuring charge, net Income before income taxes Income taxes Net income 4,760.8 2,865.3 1,895.6 1,209.8 685.8 24.2 11.7 649.9 250.2 399.7 6,470.6 3,906.7 2,563.9 1,588.6 975.3 39.5 36.7 899.1 345.9 553.2 9,186.5 5,503.0 3,683.5 2,303.7 1,379.8 52.3 32.3 1,295.2 499.4 795.8 9,553.1 6,065.5 3,487.6 2,623.8 863.8 60.0 20.9 129.9 653.0 253.4 399.6 8,776.9 5,493.5 3,283.4 2,426.6 856.8 44.1 21.5 45.1 746.1 294.7 451.4 8,995.1 5,403.8 3,591.3 2,606.4 984.9 45.0 23.2 (2.5) 919.2 340.1 579.1 9,488.8 5,784.9 3,703.9 2,689.7 1,014.2 58.7 34.1 921.4 331.7 589.7 1.36 294.0 1.88 293.6 2.68 297.0 1.35 296.0 1.57 287.5 Growth (%) Revenue Operating income Net income 35.9 42.2 38.4 42.0 41.5Show MoreRelatedNike Cost of Capital711 Words   |  3 PagesNIKE, INC. COST OF CAPITAL Context: Estimating Cost of Equity with different methods. Compute WACC Nike’s current price per share= $ 42.09 Question: Is it undervalued or overvalued to make buy /sell decision? Forecasts for Cash flows, Dividend growth, EPS estimates for NIKE are given. Interest rate #’s, Betas, Book values on debt and equity are given. Also historical performance #s are given. At 12% WACC Nike is overvalued and hence sell decision; At 11.17% correct valuation; WACCRead Morenike cost of capital1980 Words   |  8 PagesUV0010 NIKE, INC.: COST OF CAPITAL On July 5, 2001, Kimi Ford, a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group, a mutual-fund management firm, pored over analysts’ write-ups of Nike, Inc., the athletic-shoe manufacturer. Nike’s share price had declined significantly from the beginning of the year. Ford was considering buying some shares for the fund she managed, the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund, which invested mostly in Fortune 500 companies, with an emphasis on value investing. Its top holdings included ExxonMobilRead MoreNike Inc. - Cost of Capital1368 Words   |  6 Pagesit so important to estimate a firms cost of capital? The WACC (weighted average cost of capital) is a percentage figure resulting from a calculation method by which the adequate cost of capital of a firm is expressed. It considers the composition of a company’s funding, be it debt or equity. A corporation whose source of funding is equity by 100 percent will have a WACC equal to the cost of equity. By contrast, a levered company will have to reflect the cost of debt as well. The WACC takes theirRead MoreNike Cost of Capital Case2415 Words   |  10 Pagesmanagement firm. In July 2001, Ford considered buying shares of Nike, Inc., the well-known athletic shoe manufacturer. It would be prudent of Ford to base her assessment on Nike’s financial reports for 2001. Around the same time, Nike held an analysts’ meeting to disclose those financial results. They also addressed ways to revitalize the company, since share price was beginning to decline and revenues had plateaued at around $9 billion. Although Nike projected a rosy future, many analysts had mixed reactionsRead MoreNike Inc Cost of Capital2974 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction Kimi Ford is a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group, a mutual-fund management firm. She is evaluating Nike, Inc. (â€Å"Nike†) to potentially buy shares of their stock for the fund she manages, the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund. This fund mostly invests in Fortune 500 companies, with an emphasis on value investing. This Fund has performed well over the last 18 months despite the decline in the stock market. Ford has done a significant amount of research through analysts’ reportsRead MoreEssay on Nike Cost of Capital Case1615 Words   |  7 PagesNIKE, INC.: COST OF CAPITAL On July 5, 2001, Kimi Ford, a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group, a mutual-fund management firm, pored over analysts write-ups of Nike, Inc., the athletic-shoe manufacturer. Nikes share price had declined significantly from the beginning of the year. Ford was considering buying some shares for the fund she managed, the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund, which invested mostly in Fortune 500 companies, with an emphasis on value investing. Its top holdings Read MoreEssay about Cost of Capital Nike974 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Case Analysis of Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital Apparently, the issue of Nike’s case is to control and check the calculation cost of capital done by Joanna Cohen who is the assistant of a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group. But I am willing to tell you that it can be a complex case in which we can doubt about sensitivity analysis done by Kimi Ford (portfolio manager) because her assumptions such as Revenue Growth Rate, COGS / Sales,  S A / Sales, Current Assets / Sales, and Current LiabilityRead MoreCase 14 Nike: Cost of Capital Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesNike, Inc.: Cost of Capital Case 14 A Case Brief Submitted to Submitted by In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Date Submitted September 28, 2011 Summary This case highlights Kimi Ford, a portfolio manager with NorthPoint Group, a mutual-fund management firm. She managed the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund, and in July of 2001, was looking at the possibility of taking a position in Nike for her fund. Nike stock had declined significantly over the previous year, and it appearedRead MoreNike Inc Cost of Capital Case Study917 Words   |  4 PagesNike Inc. Case Number 2 Nike Incorporated’s cost of capital is a vital element when addressing opportunities regarding top-line growth and operating performance. Weighted Average Costs of Capital (WACC) is an essential estimation that is needed in order to determine the amount of interest that will be paid for each additional dollar financed. This translates to be the minimum overall required rate of return that the firm will keep. We disagree with Johanna Cohen’s assessment of Nike due to twoRead MoreCase Analysis of Nike, Inc.: Cost of Capital731 Words   |  3 PagesApparently, the issue of Nike’s case is to control and check the calculation cost of capital done by Joanna Cohen who is the assistant of a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group. But I am willing to tell you that it can be a complex case in which we can doubt about sensitivity analysis done by Kimi Ford (portfolio manager) too. Because her assumptions such as Revenue Growth Rate, COGS / Sales, S A / Sales, Current Assets / Sales, and Current Liability / Sales have been adopted from previous income

How does Shakespeare explore the themes of hate and love through the words of his characters in Romeo and Juliet Essay Example For Students

How does Shakespeare explore the themes of hate and love through the words of his characters in Romeo and Juliet? Essay Romeo and Juliet is a story of two warring families who despise each other. The Montague is the house of Romeos. The house of Juliets family is the Capulets the play rotates between passionate love scenes to ghastly bloody fight scenes. Also in the play, there are different types of love such as unrequited love, love at first sight, parental love, friendship love and love of family honour and name. In the essay, I will look at the language of love and hate in a variety of scenes. In act 1 scene, one Romeo is in love with Rosaline but she does not show love back to him, this is unrequited love. For example in that hit you miss: shell not be hit with cupids arrow. This illustrates the idea that he has expressed his love but has been rejected as though cupids arrow just deflected of her. He uses oxymorons, which means using impossible opposites such as love, and hate, which is used throughout the play. An example of an oxymoron is Heres much to do with hate, but more with love. This is a good example of an oxymoron because it illustrates what an oxymoron is and how it can be used. Moreover, Romeo sounds as though he is in love with the sensation of being in love, not actually being in love. For example, Heres much to do with hate, but more with love. Why then o brawling love, o loving hate. This suggests that he is not in love because he is not saying anything about Rosaline. Romeo is just confused because this is the first time he has been in love and does not know how to control his overwhelming emotions. At the start of act 1 scene 5, we see Romeo talking about Juliet but not speaking to her. He describes her as a rich jewel and a torch that burns bright. This suggests that her very presence lightens up the roam. He also says Beauty too rich for use. This illustrates the idea that her beauty is too great for everybody to handle in everyday use. This makes Romeo completely forget about Rosaline. This justifies the point in paragraph 1 that the love that Romeo felt for Rosaline was artificial because he has totally forgot about Rosaline. Romeo then uses religious imagery. The key phrase, which shows this, is Ill watch her place of stand, and touching hers, make blessed my rude hand. This illustrates the idea that if you touch her hand all your sins will be washed away. Furthermore, it could mean she will bless because you have been touched by something so beautiful. When Romeo and Juliet speak for the first time, it is love at first sight. They kiss. For example Thus from my lips. This is illustrating that this is love at first sight because they become very passionate with each other even though they do not know a thing about each other. Romeo knows that it is a sin but he cannot resist. For example, Sin from my lips? O trespass sweetly urgd! Give me my sin again. This is implying that he does not want to stop being with Juliet. He wants his urge to trespass so he could carry on kissing Juliet. He even knows that it is not right because he keeps calling it a sin. Juliet he even knows that it is wrong and she should not be doing this but she is so much in love, the same as Romeo, she cannot resist, also the same as Romeo. Shakespeare very cleverly put there conversation into a form of a sonnet, which is a short poem with a set structure. The sonnet suggests their love is mutual. Act 2 scene 2 is probably the most important scene in the play because this is the scene, which Romeo Juliet declare their love and agree to marry the next day. First Romeo arrives but Juliet is not in the scene at this time. Romeo describes Juliet as the sun and light. For instance, he says, what light through yonder window breaks? It is the east and Juliet is the sun. Arise fair sun, and kill the envious moon. This illustrates the idea that Juliet is the sun which is bright and sweet and when she appears through the window she will kill the moon and everything will become light and beautiful, the same as she is. This could also be classified as light and dark imagery because it involves the brightness of the sun and the darkness of the moon. He also uses other light and dark imagery to describe Juliet such as Two of the fairest stars in all of heaven plus The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars. Shakespeare has to use light and dark imagery because all the plays would be performed during the day in an opened air theatre. Love, Lust, and Adultery; all ingredients of a day EssayIn act 1 scene 5, the ball scene in which the Montagues intrude. It is also the scene, which Capulet and Tybalt get in an argument. Tybalt gets angry quickly at Capulet because he recognizes Romeos voice at the party. He wants to start a fight with Romeo; the quotation that supports this is This, by his voice should be a Montague. Fetch me my rapier, boy. This illustrates the idea that he is so tuned in to the hatred he can spot a Montague with there voice. It also implies he wants a fight straight away the same as act 1 scene 1. He also calls Romeo a slave which is offensive because in Shakespearian time slaves were the lowest of the lowest. This is also love of family honour, which compensates for his hate to Montagues. Capulet however does not think it is a big problem because they are doing no harm. In those days, it was wrong to insult a guest. Tybalt shows aggression to Capulet for instance it fits when such a villain is a guest: Ill not endure him. This suggests Tybalt cannot stand him even though Romeo is doing nothing wrong. Capulet becomes angry with Tybalt because he is the head of the family and he expects to be listened to. The quotation that supports this is Am I the master here or you. Capulet finds it insulting to being listened to. At the very end of the scene, Tybalt says, I will withdraw, but this intrusion shall, now seeming sweet, convert to bittrest gall. Here he is implying he will calm down for the moment but he will to turn something sweet and innocent to something bad and bitter. Act 3 scene 1 is a fight scene. The fight between Tybalt and Mercutio comes about because they both are too proud of themselves and their personal honour in addition they do not want to show weakness to each other. For example, Benvolio sees the Capulets come towards them therefore he warns Mercutio but he does not care, By my heel, I care not. This shows that he will be protective over his honour. He wants to fight. Tybalt will not step down either because he likes a fight. They both are arrogant characters. Mercutio is the one who challenges the fight. When he says, Heres my fiddlestick, heres that shall make you dance. This is him being arrogant, he is over confident that he will win the fight. It could also be a simile because fiddlestick is a musical instrument but he is referring to his sword and dance is making move about because he is going to hit him. When Romeo enters, the audience feels tension because he has just come from the church where he got married to Juliet. Romeo wants the fight to stop because he is apart of Tybalt family as well as Mercutios. Romeo best describes this when he says to Tybalt the reason that I have to love thee doth much excuse the appertaining rage to such a greeting. This illustrates the idea that Romeo does not want to fight because he secretly knows that they are family now. However, Tybalt is so hooked on the hate he has for Romeo he just wants to fight. For example, boy, this shall not excuse the injuries that thou hast done me, therfor turn and draw. Here is insulting Romeo by calling him boy even though he is an adult. He is hoping by insulting him he will be able to get him to fight. Tybalt then hurts Mercutio. This could be the warning that Tybalt was giving at the party, that he will turn something sweet to something bitter. While Mercutio is hurt he uses gross imagery which is the quote A plague a both houses! This is gross imagery because a plague is disgusting so he is saying his wound is disgusting. It could also mean the continence of distraught and despair which has happened through and something that may continue. This makes the audience feel tension and lures them into the play even deeper. When Mercutio dies, Romeo is filled wit h rage towards Tybalt and sets of after him to kill him, which he does.

N athan Bradshaw Essays - Behavior, Abuse, Human Behavior

N athan Bradshaw Academic Writing Dr. Anne Barngrover A Solution to The Problem Bullying is a big issue in America. The reason for this is because every generation will always contain a series of bullies. Bullies are basically people who think they are better than everyone. They try to pick on children who are smaller than them and literally torture them daily. I think it is hard for someone to understand what bullying is like unless you've experienced it yourself. Bullying is not only centered in schools. It is mostly common in schools but can happen in the workplace, online etc. Bullies cause a very negative impact on society. People believe bullying makes children stronger but all it does is hurt them. This causes children to stay home from school. Therefore, they are missing their education because they do not feel safe in the facility. Bullies have a completely different mindset. T here is a good chance they had grown up in a bad home and had developed such a weak mind that they use their physical strength to feel stron ger. There is alw ays a reason that doesn't make it any better, but perhaps if more effort was put into tryi ng to understand the victims and the bullies, a sort of bridge can be built. Bullies want people to feel how they had felt, for someone to understand. which is why they don't stop. Wanting someone to understand you is a human instinct everyone feels naturally. How can anyone be expected to fight against that Polanin , J., Espelage , D.L., Pigott , T.D. (2012 ) ? . Bul lying among children is not a new phenomenon, having featured frequently in fictional stories for centuries. Most adults can recall incidents of bullying in their schooldays. Indeed, it is not uncommon for people to regard bullying as a natural process, part of the inevitable and turbulent process of growing up. The common perception is that by enduring it and perhaps fighting back, boys and girls are toughened up, and then better prepared for life. I find that bullying is too much of a problem in society. It does not help anyone; it only mentally scars the person. There are specific behaviors that bullies tend to exhibit. The bullies often need to feel powerful and in control. They may feel no remorse when they inflict injury and suffering on others. Bullies tend to defy authority and are likely to break school rules. They seem to have little anxiety and appear to possess high self-esteem. Students who come from homes characterized by physical puni shment tend to be more likely to exhibit these types of behaviors. Victims also tend to exhibit specific characteristics. They are often anxious, insecure, cautious, and have low self-esteem. Victims tend to be socially isolated, and may lack social skills and friends. Because they tend to be weaker than their peers, either physically or socially, victims rarely retaliate against bullies. Students who have close ties with their parents/guardians or who have overprotective parents/guardians are more likely to be victimized by bullies. We often come across news, showcasing the effect of bullying in schools and the side effects on the harmed students. There are various types of bullying experienced in schools among the students like: teasing, taunting, threatening, hitting, spitting, and embarrassing others in public place. All these actions may assault one's dignity. The effect of bullying on the children is so negative, that it may damage their academic performance. It may force students to even commit suicide. It harms the students not only mentally but physically, emotionally, and socially Robinson, J.P., Espelahjge , D.L. (2012). The cause of bullying varies from case to case. The assault may be due to some personal reasons or out of jealousy or it may depend upon the family background of bullies. Such families are considered to be dysfunctional as they are not interested in knowing about their child activities in school. With ignorance comes fear and the fear leads to dogmatism. Education is the key to acceptance. Such cases can be avoided by the combined efforts of school, parents and off course with the help of school students. It is said